Identify the category in which the organisms using carbon dioxide and water as food are placed.
autotrophs
Write two differences between the response of the plants and response of the animals to stimuli.
When we touch the leaves of the touch me not plant they begin to fold and droop. The leaves move quickly in response to touch i.e. stimuli. There are 2 kinds of movements in plant one is dependent on growth and independent on growth. Plants show tropism in response to stimuli they show tropic movement.Plants also have special tissues called vascular bundles for conducting water and minerals but animals donot have such specialized tissues. They have brain and spinal cord for giving response to stimuli. Special receptors and effectors are present which give response to stimuli. These are the differences between response of plant and animal stimuli
a. An ore on heating gives SO2 in air means the ore is sulphide ore. The process involved in the extraction of metal from sulphide ores are
1. The sulphide ore is concentrated by froth floatation method to remove impurities
2. The concentrated ore is roasted in the presence of air to convert to metal oxide with the liberation of sulphur dioxide.
3. Reduction of metal oxide to metal using carbon
4. The metal is purified by electrolytic reduction.
b. As Zn is more reactive than copper it displaces copper from copper sulphate solution. So first reaction is possible.
In the second reaction iron is less reactive than zinc , it does not displace zinc from zinc sulphate solution.
State the role of the following in the digestion of food in humans :
(i) Trypsin (ii) Lipase (iii) Intestinal juice
Explain the consequences of deficiency of hemoglobin in our body(any three).
Anemia – low hemoglobin is one of the main causes of anemia.
Hemoglobin is the red pigment present in red blood cells which carries oxygen through out the body. Deficiency of hemoglobin results in anemia which can lead to various health problems like feeling tired, shortness of breath, fatigue. Severe deficiency can result in damage to internal organs like brain, kidneys as they do not get enough oxygen.
(a) State the need of control and coordination system in multicellular higher organisms.
An organism has to perform various physical and chemical activities to survive . It possess a large no. of different organs to carry outthese activities . A perfect balance or co- ordination is essential between these organs to maintain homeostasis in the body .So inorder to maintain homeostasis , a control and co-ordination system is reqd . in the body .
(b) How does chemical coordination take place in animals ?
(c) How is information transferred when movement is fast to a stimulus ? What are the limitations to the use of electrical impulses as the means for transferring information of a stimulus in the body.
(d) Plants do not have nervous system like Animals ? In the absence of nervous system, how does control and coordination take place in plants.
Name the hormone which is released when we are in a scary situation ? Write two effects of this hormone on our body that enable the body to deal with the situation.
Name the system which facilitates communication between central nervous system and the
other parts of the body. Mention two types of nerves it consists of along with their organs of origin.
(a) State reason for the following :
(i) Rings of cartilage are present in the trachea
(ii) Plants look green in colour.
(b) Write other names of the following :
| voice box |
(i) alveolar sac Alveoli The tiny pouches where exchange of gases takes place are called alveoli. The combination of many alveoli is known as alveolar sac. (ii) voice box
Mention one example of chemotropism.
Mention two roles played by the process of transpiration in plants.
In some plants stomata open at night. Give example of such plants. Explain giving reason the unusual behaviour of these plants.
in daytime plants meet their oxygen needs from the O2 released in photosynthesis but at night their is no photosynthesis going on so they need to get oxygen from environment. Hence, their stomata remain opened at night also. example cacti and succulents plants.
Name the hormone which is secreted by the adrenal gland. Explain the function of this hormone when we have to deal with scary situations.
Name the largest part of the hind brain.
The rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than that seen in terrestrial organisms. Give reason. State the pathway of air from nostrils to the lungs in human beings.
In the absence of muscle cells, how do plant cells show movements ?
- Tropic movements are growth movements in response to an environment stimulus. This type of movement may occur in response to gravity (gravitropism), light (phototropism), water (hydrotropism), chemical (chemotropism) etc.
- Nastic movement are independent of the direction of stimulus. This type of movement may occur in response to chemicals, temperature, touch etc.
Explain how the products of photosynthesis and other substances are translocated in plants ?
Write one feature which is common to each of the following pairs of terms/ organs
(i) glycogen and starch
(ii) chlorophyll and haemoglobin
(iii) gills and lungs
(iv) arteries and veins
1. Both glycogen and starch are the forms in which glucose is stored in the body of the organisms. In plants, it is starch and in animals it is glycogen,
2. Both haemoglobin and chlorophyll are pigments found in the organisms. Haemoglobin gives red color to blood in animals while chlorophyll gives green color to leaves.
3. both are used for respiration in fish and humans
4. both carry blood around the body
(a) Name the organs which secrete the following enzymes in human digestive system
(i) Pepsin (ii) Trypsin
Explain any three methods used by plants to get rid of excretory products.
In case of a spinal cord injury Identify the signals that will get disrupted.
(i) Name any two substances that are selectively re-absorbed as the urine flows along the tube.
(ii) Name the part of the excretory system in which urine is stored for some time.
Explain the feedback mechanism to regulate the action of the hormones with the help of one suitable example.
Explain the structure of stomata. Write its two important functions.
Draw a well labeled diagram of a biogas plant. Why is slurry left behind considered useful?
How is spinal cord protected in the human body ?
spinal chord is protected by vertebral column while the brain is protected by cranium )the part of skull which is protecting brain)
Name the hormone which regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in our body. Which gland secretes this hormone ? Why is it important for us to have iodised salt in our diet ?
(a) State two functions of bile juice.
(b) Differentiate between the functions of enzymes pepsin and trypsin.
Why do herbivores have longer, small intestine than carnivores ?
A doctor advised a patient to take less sugar in his diet. Mention the possible disease the patient would be suffering from ? Explain.
Explain how bio gas is produced in a biogas plant?
(I) Complete the flow chart by filling the blanks in the schematic representation of breakdown of glucose molecule in case of aerobic respiration.
answer here …..
a. pyruvate
b.energy
c. presence of oxygen
d. in mitochondria
e. carbon dioxide
f. water
(II) (a) Name the molecule in the cell which stores the energy produced at the end of the pathway.
aTP
(b) Sometimes we get cramps when we perform sudden muscular activity.
How does auxin promote phototropism? State three common features of respiratory organs of animals.
Draw a neat diagram of excretory system of human beings and label on it:
(i) Left kidney(ii)Urinary bladder
State three common features of respiratory organs of animals.
- All the respiratory organs have large surface area to transport/exchange enough oxygen.
- All the respiratory organs have thin walls for easy diffusion and exchange of respiratory gases.
- All the respiratory organs such as skin, gills and lungs, have a rich blood supply for transporting respiratory gases.
State the need of control and coordination system in multicellular higher organisms. How does chemical coordination take place in animals ?
How is information transferred when movement is fast to a stimulus ? What are the limitations to the use of electrical impulses as the means for transferring information of a stimulus in the body.
- Our arms and fingers grow in certain directions, not haphazardly. So controlled movements can be either slow or fast. If fast responses to stimuli are to be made, information transfer must happen very quickly. For this, the medium of transmission must be able to move rapidly. Electrical impulses are an excellent means for this.
But there are limitations to the use of electrical impulses.
1. They will reach only those cells that are connected by nervous tissue, not each and every cell in the animal body.
2. Once an electrical impulse is generated in a cell and transmitted, the cell will take some time to reset its mechanisms before it can generate and transmit a new impulse. In other words, cells cannot continually create and transmit electrical impulses.
Hence, most multi cellular organisms use another means of communication between cells, namely, chemical communication.
| (i) Name the hormones that are released in human males and females when they reach puberty.(ii) Name a gland associated with brain. Which problem is caused due to the deficiency of the hormone released by this gland ?
Explain why respiration through mouth is harmful ? Mention the special features of nasal respiration that makes it a safer process.
Breathing by mouth is harmful in the sense that the air which is taken in is not filtered , it is taken in with its impurities . |
Plants do not have nervous system like Animals ? In the absence of nervous system, how does control and coordination take place in plants.
Explain how does auxin promote the growth of a tendril around a support ?
(a) Draw labelled diagram of neuromuscular junction.
(b) Identify the parts of a neuron :
(i) Where information is acquired.
(ii) Through which information travels.
(iii) Where the impulse must be converted into a chemical signal.
List two body functions that will be affected if cerebellum gets damaged.
Mention the site of complete digestion in our body ? Name the end products formed on complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
Write three points of difference between anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration. Write two different types of movements shown by plants. Explain them by giving one
| Write two points of difference between pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein. |
dioxide in human heart label the parts marked as a, b, c, d, e and f.
a. pulmonary artries to lungs
b. lung capilaries
c. pulmonary veins from lungs
d. aortra to body
e. capillary in body organs
f. vanacava from body
Define translocation in reference to plants.
Name the gland and the hormone secreted by the gland, which are associated with the following problems.
(i) a girl has grown extremely tall.
(ii) a woman has a swollen neck.
Explain how fats are digested in our bodies.Where does this process takes place ?
(a) Name the organs where receptors are usually located .
(b) State the functions of:
(i) gustatory receptors
(ii) olfactory receptors
(c) Identify the parts of a neuron
(i) Where information is acquired
(ii) Through which information travels
Define excretion. State the basic filtration unit in the kidney. Draw its structure labelled. Explain the mechanism of urine formation in human beings.
State the function of alveoli in the lungs,
A young green plant receives sunlight from one direction only. What will happen to its shoots and roots and why ?
How is the timing and the amount of hormone secreted by a gland regulated? Explain with an example.
List the sequences of events that occur when a plant is exposed to unidirectional light, leading to bending of a growing shoot. Also name the hormone synthesised and the type of movement that takes place.
Draw a nerve cell and label on it the following :
Nucleus, Dendrite, Axon
Define excretion. State the basic filtration unit in the kidney. Draw its structure labelled. Explain the mechanism of urine formation in human beings.
Name the following:
(i) A gland present in females but not in males
(ii) A gland that secretes hormone as well as digestive juice or enzyme
answer – pancreas
digestive enzyme – pancreatic amylase
hormone – insulin
(iii) A gland associated with brain
pituitary
(iv) A gland that is associated with kidneys
adrenal glands
List three main parts of hind brain and explain their functions briefly.
Photosynthesis is considered the most important process in the bio – sphere. State five reasons to justify this statement.
Answer
1. Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their food and release oxygen as by product. If there is no photosynthesis, plants will not be able to survive. This will directly effect other organisms like herbivores and humans as they are directly or indirectly depend on plants.
2. Photosynthesis is important because it produces oxygen which is necassary for the entire living world as well as food and it is never possible to live without these two.
3. Rare fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and natural gas are formed through the degradation of the past plant and animal parts, which were originally formed by photosynthesis.
4.Photosynthesis decreases the concentration of carbon dioxide and other harmful industrial wastes that lead to respiration problems in living beings.
5.Plant products like timber, rubber, herbs, medicines resin and oils are derived from photosynthesis.